Anatomical localisation of brain functions should specify right, or left, or both, and should report the cerebral dominance of the subjects.

The Royal Society published “Perceptual switch rates with ambiguous structure-from-motion figures in bipolar disorder” in 2008. This was a comparison of 20 patients with bipolar disorder and 25 control participants, recruited from Oxford area residents and University faculty and students. The bipolar patients showed a statistically significantly slower rate of perceptual shifting, as well they might have done, given the likelihood that they were taking medication. However, “…drug regimes were too diverse to be included in any meaningful comparisons.” Really.

It don’t mean a thing if it ain’t got that zing. Correlation has been found between the quality of nest sites and the terpsichorean zing of scout honey bees that have returned from those nest sites to the expectant swarm. Better quality means more food, and more food means more energy, so the prediction is correlation between the total time spent by scout honey bees at nest sites, and their terpsichorean zing on return.

“Spread of arbitrary conventions among chimpanzees:” was described as “:a controlled experiment”, even though 6 of the 29 chimpanzees, PE, ST, LZ, SK, KE, and AM, had to be kept indoors at times to stop them from taking over the experiment. It would have been instructive to know from the video recordings if the subject chimpanzees sniffed the two receptacles before putting a token into one of them: spread of arbitrary conventions through olfaction.

Inference by chimpanzees was not shown when the human experimenter was filmed, but was shown when the human experimenter was not filmed.

In “The Logic of Animal Conflict”, Maynard Smith and Price focused on the relatively innocuous contests between male members of the same species, and their consequences for future reproductive fitness.
The authors did not explore gender differences in the relatively innocuous contests between members of the same species.
The authors did not consider infanticide as an explanatory variable in the relatively innocuous contests between male members of the same species.
The authors did not consider the reticular formation as an explanatory variable.
Emotion can be pent-up, where pent is the past tense of penned.
Arousal consequent upon agonist and antagonist exchanges with offspring need to be contained in reverberatory buffers and then channelled innocuously, without provocation of mates or rivals.
In a study of violence in chimpanzees, most victims of intragroup killings were infants.
“Comparative rates of violence in chimpanzees and humans” confirmed that rates of aggression resulting in death were similar, but that rates of aggression not resulting in death were two to three times higher in chimpanzees. Humans have evolved a way of channelling aggression so that it does not result in death: it is called sport.

‘Costly punishment’ emerged as an explanatory variable in the study of cooperation: as usual, in that Procrustean world, the passage of time revealed a narrow applicability, hardly surprising given that punishment could range from the mental effort of doing nothing to financial penalties.

The conjunction of “Juveniles living in territories that had a high proportion of managed, and thus more open, forest had higher predation rates” and “Predators were not observed more frequently in more open habitat in the two winters of this study…” suggests that either the predators were cleverer than the researchers, or that there was sampling error, but not, in the first instance, an unspecified ‘vulnerability’ in the prey.

The ‘neural correlates’ of attribution of an action differed between BOLD and rCBF activations.
The assessors of brain images should be unaware of allocations, and this should be tested, because procedures bring clues.
Variation has occurred within, and not just between, brain imaging techniques. A region of interest (ROI) in science is addressed by a closed question in law.

Intracellular brain recordings may produce different results from extracellular brain recordings.